I. Implementation Background and Objectives

According to the requirements of the Action Plan for Promoting the Scale Deployment of the Sixth Edition of Internet Protocol (IPv6) issued by the Central Office and the State Council, the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Main Points of Government Affairs Disclosure in 2018 (Guo Ban Fa [2018] No.23), and the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Pilot Work Plan for Intensive Government Websites (Guo Ban Han [2018] No.71), Shanghai Big Data Center carried out the IPv6 upgrade and transformation of the whole station. At the same time, combined with the intensive platform construction of government websites, it organized and coordinated the websites of 16 district governments and 43 municipal government departments to realize IPv6 access and transformation simultaneously.

Second, the work situation

(a) to complete the "China Shanghai" portal IPv6 upgrade.

In 2018, based on the previous investigation, the Municipal Big Data Center made a work plan for upgrading and transforming the IPv6 portal of China Shanghai, and actively and steadily promoted related work in strict accordance with the work requirements.

The first is to clarify the subject of responsibility.The "China Shanghai" portal is hosted by the General Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government and undertaken by the Municipal Big Data Center. According to the job functions, the City Big Data Center is the main body responsible for the IPv6 deployment and transformation of "China Shanghai" portal website, responsible for implementing the work requirements and coordinating with other relevant departments to promote the IPv6 transformation of "China Shanghai".

The second is to clarify the status quo of the website.In July 2018, all the portals of "China Shanghai" were moved to the government cloud platform of the whole city, and the government cloud platform provided the network and equipment layer infrastructure in a unified way.

The third is to determine the work plan.After research and comparison, it is decided to use the firewall equipment exported from the network side, and use NAT64 protocol to realize the initiative connection of IPv4 network to access IPv6 network.

Figure 1: Business Access Process

NAT64 is a stateful network address and protocol conversion technology, which can realize the address and protocol conversion between IPv6 and IPv4 under TCP, UDP and ICMP protocols. This scheme can directly support IPv6 connection access without affecting the normal operation of the original business. The advantage is that the internal transformation of the data center is small, and it can be launched quickly, thus solving the problem of "skylight" on the page caused by external links.

Figure 2: Network deployment scenarios of 2：NAT64 and DNS64.

The Internet address of "China Shanghai" portal website is bound with the internal load-balancing address, so this time it will be realized by configuring NAT conversion from IPv6 address to IPv4 load-balancing address; This IPv6 address translation configuration is to add an IPv6 address entry on the original basis, without affecting the normal operation of the original IPv4 address.

At the end of 2018, we verified the connectivity, stability and IPv6 network effectiveness of the "China Shanghai" portal website one by one, and achieved the expected results.

(two) actively promote the city’s government website IPv6 upgrade.

The IPv6 transformation of Shanghai municipal government website needs the cooperation of many government departments and manufacturers, and it is difficult to coordinate and solve many tasks such as optical fiber circuit and political cloud network configuration, server networking and domain name resolution.

Since 2019, Shanghai has written the work requirements related to the IPv6 transformation of government websites into the "Annual Work Points of Government Affairs Openness" for two consecutive years. At the same time, according to the Notice of the General Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan for the Construction of Intensive Platform of Shanghai Municipal Government Website (Hu Fu Ban [2019] No.9), we will deploy and promote the IPv6 transformation work together with the intensive work of government websites.

The website architecture of Shanghai municipal government is the interconnection of two platforms in urban areas, the websites of municipal departments are connected to the intensive platform of municipal government websites, and the network and equipment layer infrastructure is provided by the municipal government cloud platform. The 16 district-level platforms are the portal websites of all districts, which are transformed by the government cloud platforms of all districts.

The first is to complete the transformation of IPv6, an intensive platform for government websites.The transformation scope includes the portal website of the municipal government and the websites of 43 government departments. The municipal government cloud platform provides IPv6 addresses for the export of each website, and the municipal big data center applies for domain names for analysis.

Figure 3: IPv6 detection results

The second is to complete the IPv6 address transformation of cloud shield security protection service.The website authorities coordinate and promote Yundun technology providers to provide solutions, and apply for domain name resolution to Shanghai Big Data Center. At present, the websites of four departments using Yundun have all completed the IPv6 address transformation.

The third is to urge all commissions and bureaus to complete the IPv6 transformation of website dynamic link.Because most of the dynamic link backstage is developed and operated by the commissions, the IPv6 transformation of the website except the intensive part needs to be coordinated by the commissions. At present, most of the links have been transformed, and the IPv6 accessibility rate of the websites of various commissions and bureaus is basically above 90%.

The fourth is to complete the IPv6 address transformation of the portal website of the district government.The competent authorities of the portal websites of each district government formulated and implemented the upgrading scheme of the portal websites of this district government, and all 16 districts chose the cloud conversion service scheme to complete the IPv6 transformation.

Third, the effectiveness of the work

After intensive transformation, the use of IP in government websites has also changed from "multiple sites at one site" to "multiple sites at one site", and unified domain name resolution has been used to reduce the occupation of resources and greatly improve the efficiency of IPv6 upgrading.

At the end of 2020, the General Office of the State Council conducted a spot check on the IPv6 transformation of the national government websites. The websites of "China Shanghai" and 16 district governments all passed the retest, and the pass rate of the second and third level links exceeded 90%.

Fourth, work highlights

(1) Overall planning and unified deployment.The IPv6 transformation of government websites is a systematic project. From intensive integration to IPv6 transformation and deployment, it involves many contents, manufacturers and technical teams, and needs support from all sides. Shanghai Big Data Center actively cooperates with the general office of the municipal government to strengthen overall coordination and do a good job of communication and connection with technical support, construction trustees and network operators. After the transformation of IPv6, users of both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols can access it normally, so that government websites have many functions and services, and their normal use and access will not be affected.

(2) Intensive construction and simultaneous advancement.Shanghai Big Data Center reused the experience of "China Shanghai" IPv6 upgrade in the construction of intensive platform, and accelerated the deployment of IPv6 after relying on the intensive platform to solve most of the "external chain" problems. In 2019, relying on the intensive platform, it completed the IPv6 transformation of the city’s government websites in a unified way, and really achieved resource intensive.

(three) supervision and inspection to ensure the effectiveness.According to the Inspection Index of Government Websites and Government Affairs New Media and the Annual Assessment Index of Government Websites and Government Affairs New Media Supervision formulated by the General Office of the State Council, the Shanghai Big Data Center will bring the IPv6 upgrading of the government websites into the supervision from 2019. From July, 2020, report the IPv6 upgrade and transformation of the homepage of each website every month; At the same time, this work will be included in the annual evaluation of government websites to maintain the effectiveness of IPv6 upgrading.

With the progress of science and technology, the application cases of science and technology are increasing, and the scientization of education is one of them. In recent years, China has also ushered in a period of vigorous development of online education, which has made up for the disadvantages and shortcomings of traditional education. However, it is worth noting that online education and traditional education have their own advantages and disadvantages, so how to integrate the advantages of online and offline education and form a new educational ecology is the direction that all educational institutions need to work hard at present.

Online education is developing by spurt, which is the general trend.

With the development of educational informatization, public schools and educational enterprises are gradually involved in the field of network informatization education, and have ushered in a blowout development, which is unstoppable. I have to admit that online education has filled people’s growing learning needs in the current social life, and also brought convenience, broadness of knowledge resources, sharing of educational resources and scientificity of learning methods to the public. It is a great source for people to continuously improve their knowledge and cultural literacy, and online education should be respected!

The disadvantages of offline traditional education are exposed, but it is irreplaceable.

Take K12 primary and secondary education as an example, most of them are inseparable from the following modes: large class, one-to-one class and small class. Large class is the most frequently used teaching mode in China, but because of the large number of students, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is limited and students’ learning effect is poor. 1-to-1 can implement personalized teaching, but the cost invested by parents and the profit gained by enterprises are not optimistic; Small class is a kind of class-opening mode to weigh the relationship between the two. Judging from K12 primary and secondary education, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude will indeed become a difficult problem.

In addition, due to the geographical limitations of traditional education and the uneven distribution of educational resources, some students can’t get a good education, so their disadvantages are exposed.

Although there are disadvantages in offline traditional education, there is one thing that online education cannot replace-the interaction between teachers and students. Although there is also interaction in online education, because of its virtuality, teachers can’t really perceive students’ learning status and psychological situation, and some subjects that need practical classes can’t get on-site guidance.

Learning with help: combining online and offline to realize the optimization of educational effect

"The treatment in the medical field pays attention to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, treating the symptoms and curing the root cause! Online and offline education systems have their own advantages and disadvantages. Why not combine online and offline teaching? " Mr. Qi Zishuai, the founder of the brand "Learning to Help" in primary and secondary schools, put forward his own views on the current educational situation.

It is understood that at present, most educational institutions in China adopt online or offline single-mode teaching methods, while learning with help adopts the way of "online auxiliary offline teaching", which is eclectic. Through the intelligent teaching system and franchise operation mode, the sharing of educational resources in the industry, the scientific teaching methods and the optimization of educational effects have been realized.

In this process, "learning with help" helps affiliated educational institutions to reduce the teaching burden and improve the teaching effect, and at the same time helps students to obtain more and better educational resources and realize the dream of colleges and universities. Considering from this dimension, this is in line with the goal of educational equity and comprehensive education reform advocated by our country, and undoubtedly opens up a new era of teaching effect optimization.

I believe that under this online and offline education mode, China’s educational ecology will continue to improve.