Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 11th Title: The two sessions revealed the "timetable" of the eight livelihood tasks.

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Li Jinfeng, Liu Hongxia and Liu Shuo

　　Regarding the tasks of people’s livelihood put forward in the government work report, at the press conference of the two sessions and the "ministerial channel", the heads of relevant ministries and commissions gave further responses and revealed a series of "timetables" for people’s livelihood tasks.

　　— — Task 1:

　　Poverty alleviation: At least 200 poverty-stricken counties have taken off their hats this year.

　　The government work report is clear, and we will increase the intensity of precision poverty alleviation. This year, the number of poor people in rural areas will be reduced by more than 10 million, and 2.8 million people will be relocated to help the poor.

　　Liu Yongfu, director of the the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, said that in the past five years, the number of poor people in China has decreased by two-thirds. 150 poverty-stricken counties have withdrawn, and at least 200 more will be lifted out of poverty this year. He said: "judging from the current progress, it is not a big problem to complete the task as a whole. Now, it is up to ‘ Win ’ To ‘ Play well ’ Change. "

　　Shi Bingrui, deputy to the National People’s Congress and director of the Henan Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office, said that at present, for the poor population and poor counties and townships, further policy coordination is needed, and monitoring and monitoring should be strengthened in deep poverty areas, and efforts should be concentrated on precision.

　　— — Task 2:

　　Air pollution control: the emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides will drop by 3% this year.

　　According to the government work report, the emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides will be reduced by 3% this year to consolidate the achievements of the blue sky defense war.

　　According to the budget report, the central government allocated a total of 40.5 billion yuan for air, water and soil pollution prevention and control, an increase of 6.465 billion yuan or 19% over 2017, and the investment was the largest in recent years.

　　Huang Runqiu, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, said at the press conference of the two sessions that the current situation of air pollution control is still in the stage of climbing with heavy load and a long way to go. Under some extremely unfavorable weather conditions, heavily polluted weather will come back. The key to air pollution control in the next step is the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, energy structure and transportation structure.

　　Yang Yufu, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and president of Tianjin Lawyers Association, said that the improvement of ecological environment is the result of cooperation from all sides. It is necessary to quickly implement the compensation system for ecological environment losses, promote the transformation of ultra-low emissions in steel and other industries, and carry out special measures such as the treatment of excessive emissions of diesel trucks.

　　— — Task 3

　　Individual tax: reforming personal income tax is included in this year’s task

　　The government work report mentioned in the proposal for government work in 2018 that the threshold for personal income tax should be raised.

　　Shi Yaobin, Vice Minister of Finance, said at the press conference of the NPC and CPPCC that policy suggestions will be put forward according to the changes of residents’ basic living consumption level. This tax reform highlights the new connotation of special deduction, and the first choice focuses on children’s education, serious illness medical care and other aspects that people need most and are most concerned about. The reform will transform the classified tax system into a comprehensive and classified personal income tax system, and the next step will be to accelerate the start of the tax reform plan and start the revision of the personal income tax law.

　　Liu Shangxi, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and president of China Academy of Fiscal Science, believes that the individual tax reform must comprehensively balance the "purse" of the state and the "purse" of the individual. The adjustment of special deduction, tax rate hierarchy and taxation mode is subject to many factors, such as the need to attract talents, the need to simplify the tax system and the expectation of the society for fair adjustment, which should be comprehensively considered and steadily promoted.

　　— — Task 4

　　Rural revitalization: in the future, the right to use the homestead will be moderately released.

　　The government work report proposes to vigorously implement the rural revitalization strategy. Comprehensively deepen rural reform. Explore the split reform of ownership, qualification and use right of homestead.

　　Han Changfu, Minister of Agriculture, said at the press conference of the two sessions that in the future, the right to use homesteads will be moderately released, and idle farmhouses will be better utilized in various ways, such as providing entrepreneurial places for people who start businesses in rural areas, developing rural tourism and engaging in "farmhouse music".

　　Zhang Jiaxiang, deputy to the National People’s Congress and secretary of the Party branch of Zhang He Village, a nine-town town in Xichuan County, Henan Province, said that a large number of farmers went out to work, which made the phenomenon of rural houses idle more prominent, wasting resources and prone to dangerous houses. Moderately releasing the right to use the homestead, making idle farmhouses used for developing rural tourism or providing entrepreneurial places for rural entrepreneurs can increase farmers’ income and add vitality to rural revitalization.

　　— — Task 5

　　Medical treatment: cervical cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer will be included in the centralized treatment of serious diseases this year.

　　The government work report proposes to improve the level of basic medical insurance and major illness insurance.

　　Li Bin, director of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, introduced in the "Ministerial Passage" of the Great Hall of the People that this year, the per capita financial subsidy standard for residents’ basic medical insurance will be increased by 40 yuan, half of which will be used for serious illness insurance. The central government will arrange transfer payment of more than 22.1 billion yuan, which will be earmarked for medical assistance subsidies. She said that this year, cervical cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer will also be included in the centralized treatment of serious diseases, and the number of people to be treated will be further expanded, covering all the poor people who have set up files and set up cards, rural poor people and rural minimum living allowances.

　　Geng Funeng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of Panxi Pharmaceutical, a good doctor in Sichuan, believes that the inclusion of cervical cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer in the centralized treatment of serious diseases will effectively reduce the pressure on ordinary people to see a doctor, especially to reduce poverty caused by illness and return to poverty due to illness.

　　— — Task 6

　　Housing: At present, the draft law on real estate tax is being drafted and improved.

　　The government work report pointed out that a new three-year plan to tackle the problem of shed reform should be launched, and real estate tax legislation should be steadily promoted. The budget report clearly states that in 2018, 5.8 million new shanty towns will be renovated, and support for public rental housing and its supporting infrastructure will be increased.

　　Shi Yaobin, Vice Minister of Finance, said that at present, efforts are being made to draft and improve the draft law on real estate tax. The real estate tax will be designed reasonably from the national conditions of China, such as merging and integrating related taxes, and reasonably reducing some tax burdens of real estate in construction transactions, so as to make the real estate tax system more reasonable and fair.

　　Sun Taili, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Tianjin Qingda Investment Group, said that China has a large population and great regional differences, so it is particularly important to establish a structured and flexible housing policy system. On the one hand, increase housing security, promote the transformation of shanty towns and the construction of affordable housing to ensure the basic housing needs of the people; On the other hand, the introduction of real estate tax through scientific design and demonstration will help promote "classified regulation" and "differentiated regulation".

　　— — Task 7

　　Internet fee: cancel the "roaming fee" of traffic before July 1.

　　The government work report proposes to cancel the "roaming" fee for traffic and reduce the mobile network traffic tariff by at least 30% during the year.

　　In an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency, Chen Zhaoxiong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that basic telecom enterprises will be urged to speed up the work of package sorting and adjustment, system development and transformation, testing and business verification, so as to ensure that users can enjoy this bonus before July 1. In addition, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will also encourage basic telecommunications enterprises to continue to promote traffic reduction measures such as large-flow Internet cards and stepped traffic, so as to ensure that mobile network traffic tariffs will be reduced by at least 30% during the year.

　　Some delegates pointed out that some operators still have difficulties in changing packages for old users, and discounts are only for specific users. Various restrictive measures have affected the actual effect of speeding up and reducing fees. Barriers to telecommunications services should be broken so that more users can enjoy the benefits of speeding up and reducing fees.

　　— — Task 8

　　Transportation: In 2019, every village will be paved with hardened roads.

　　According to the government work report, 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built and rebuilt this year.

　　Li Xiaopeng, Minister of Transportation, said at the "Ministerial Passage" in the Great Hall of the People that by 2019, it is necessary to complete the goal of hardening roads in qualified towns and villages; By 2020, qualified villages will have buses.

　　Wang Yanfeng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and secretary of the General Party Branch of Yongsheng Village, yushu city, Jilin Province, said that building rural roads is very important for rural poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. At the same time, we should increase investment to manage and maintain rural roads, and constantly improve the grade and maintenance level of rural roads, so that rural roads can become smooth, safe, beautiful and high-quality channels for getting rich. (Participating in writing: Song Xiaodong, Zhai Yongguan, Chen Cong)

　　On April 25, according to Xinhua News Agency, Wang Guanghua, Minister of Natural Resources, announced at the National Conference on Registration of Natural Resources and Real Estate Ownership on April 25 that China has fully realized the unified registration of real estate.

　　This means that after ten years of hard work, a unified real estate registration system covering all land spaces and all real estate rights has been fully established, from decentralization to unification, from urban houses to rural homesteads, from real estate to natural resources.

　　China’s unified real estate registration system is basically formed, with the Civil Code as the guide, the Provisional Regulations on Real Estate Registration as the core, and the implementation rules, operational norms and local regulations as the supporting tools.

　　Unified registration of real estate to find out the "family property" of real estate

　　Li Yujia, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, pointed out that the primary significance of carrying out unified registration of real estate lies in implementing the Property Law, ensuring the security of real estate transactions and protecting the legitimate property rights of real estate owners; Secondly, integrate the information of real estate fragments scattered among various functional departments, find out the "family background" of real estate, provide basic data for policy formulation and implementation, and improve the efficiency and level of government governance. The greatest significance of carrying out unified registration of real estate lies in providing a foundation for modern national public finance and laying a foundation for China’s future tax reform.

　　The Central Finger Research Institute pointed out that in early China, every kind of real estate, such as land, grassland and forest, had corresponding registration system and certificate standard, which was prone to problems such as complicated management and disputes over real estate rights. As early as the Property Law promulgated in 2007, the unified registration system of real estate was formally put forward.

　　In March 2013, the Plan for Institutional Reform and Functional Transformation of the State Council proposed "strengthening the basic system construction and establishing a unified real estate registration system". In November of the same year, the the State Council executive meeting decided to integrate the real estate registration responsibilities scattered in multiple departments, and put forward the "four unifications" reform tasks of unified registration institutions, unified registration books, unified registration basis and unified information platform.

　　In 2016, official website, the Ministry of Land and Resources, issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Real Estate Registration, marking the beginning of the full implementation of the unified real estate registration system. In 2018, the Ministry of Natural Resources announced that the basic platform for real estate registration information management has achieved national networking.

　　Jia Kang, a researcher at China Academy of Fiscal Science and the founding president of Huaxia Institute of New Supply Economics, pointed out that the unified registration of real estate was a clear thing to be done before. Now the official announcement that China has fully realized the unified registration of real estate must have its own specific internal considerations, but from the official information, it has not been linked to specific reform management and other aspects.

　　Jia Kang believes that from the perspective of modern governance of the country, the unified registration of real estate is an indispensable basic work. In terms of policy optimization, promoting reform, management and regulation, it is necessary to fully and truly grasp the situation first.

　　What does it have to do with real estate tax?

　　What is the relationship between national unified registration of real estate and real estate tax?

　　Jia Kang mentioned that the comprehensive realization of unified registration of real estate is logically linked to the promotion of real estate tax reform in the future. As the support of basic information, there is no doubt, but at present, whether the comprehensive realization of unified registration of real estate will immediately lead to real estate tax reform can only wait for the official specific implementation plan.

　　Chen Wenjing, director of market research of the Central Finger Research Institute, mentioned that the preconditions for collecting real estate tax include the unified registration of real estate in China and the nationwide networking. This time, the Ministry of Natural Resources pointed out that the comprehensive realization of unified registration of real estate in China means that the preconditions for collecting real estate tax are further improved. However, judging from the current real estate market, the national real estate market has recovered in the first quarter, and the recovery of supply-side indicators such as development investment and new construction is still weak, and the drag effect of real estate on the macro economy is still there. Since April, the activity of the new housing market has been insufficient. According to the data of the middle finger, the transaction area of new housing in key 50 cities in Zhou Du has decreased by about 20% compared with that in March. The sentiment and expectation of buyers are still unstable, and the short-term real estate market still needs policy support. At present, it is not the right time to conduct real estate tax pilot.

　　According to Chen Jie, director of the Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Research Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University, at present, there is not much inevitable relationship between the full realization of unified real estate registration and the real estate tax levy. Real estate tax is a local tax. Previously, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) authorized the State Council to carry out the pilot work of real estate tax reform in some areas, but the unified registration of real estate is not entirely residential, but a unified registration system of real estate covering all real estate rights, so it is unnecessary to interpret it excessively. It can only be said that the unified registration of real estate is a technical support for the future real estate tax collection. As for when and where the real estate tax will be done, it is necessary to comprehensively consider various conditions, including market environment, institutional support and public recognition.

　　Zhao Xiuchi, a researcher at capital university of economics and business Mega-city Economic Development Research Institute and vice-president and secretary-general of Beijing Real Estate Law Society, believes that it is the general trend to realize the unified registration of real estate in an all-round way, which provides a basis for fully grasping real estate information and scientific decision-making, and also provides conditions for the collection of stock real estate tax. However, at present, the property market is in a downturn, and many policies to support the property market need to be introduced to promote the recovery of the property market and achieve a virtuous circle. At present, it is not appropriate to increase taxes, but to reduce taxes. Whether and how much to levy in the future should also be considered from the perspective of the whole real estate tax burden. On the whole, with the land transfer fee, the tax burden of the whole real estate is not light, and the tax burden should not be increased blindly.

　　What is the relationship with the people?

　　Besides real estate tax, what is the relationship between real estate registration and the people?

　　According to China Economic Net, after the registration of real estate is completed, citizens can make one-step inquiries at the designated office without going anywhere, so as to avoid overlapping or conflict of property rights. The unified registration of real estate is the basis of a series of major reforms, such as giving farmers more property rights, protecting farmers’ usufructuary rights of homestead, establishing a unified urban and rural construction land market, and collectively operating construction land "agricultural land entering the market".

　　In addition, many people hope that real estate registration can curb official corruption. The above-mentioned report of China Economic Net quoted experts as saying that although the original intention of unified registration of real estate is not to fight corruption, if the judicial organs, discipline inspection and supervision organs and so on inquire according to law, they can indeed quickly inquire about all real estate under the name of people, which will have a deterrent effect on corrupt officials.

　　Recently, with the announcement of the annual report of A-share housing enterprises, the annual salary of executives of housing enterprises has gradually surfaced.

　　The data shows that the average annual salary of the top 20 directors of A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2022 is 4.1 million yuan, which is 2.17 million yuan less than that in 2020, with a decrease of 34.6%. In the past two years, Yu Liang, the chairman of the board of directors of Vanke Group, has the largest salary reduction, and his annual salary has dropped from 12.473 million yuan in 2020 to 3.935 million yuan in 2022, a decrease of nearly 70%.

　　Similarly, the salary of the secretaries of housing enterprises also declined. Among the A-share listed housing enterprises in 2022, the average annual salary of the top 20 secretaries was 2.5 million yuan, down 23.3% from 3.26 million yuan in 2020.

　　Previously, real estate was a well-known high-paying industry. However, with this round of industry clearing, the salary level of real estate practitioners began to decline. On May 9, the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics showed that in 2022, the average wage of employees in 18 of the 19 industry categories increased year-on-year, and only the average wage level of the real estate industry decreased.

　　The chairman’s annual salary has dropped by more than 30%

　　In the second half of 2021, real estate sales declined, and many private housing enterprises exploded one after another. In order to save money and "live", real estate enterprises’ salary reduction became a common phenomenon. Therefore, 2020, before the emergence of the industry crisis, became the latest year when the annual salary of housing enterprises was higher. In the following two years, the salary of senior executives of housing enterprises began to be discounted.

　　Wind data shows that in 2022, Chen Jinshi, the chairman of Zhongnan Construction, earned an annual salary of 10.88 million yuan, which is the highest among the directors of A-share listed real estate enterprises, followed by Li Guangning of Huafa Co., Ltd., Ping Liu of Poly Development Co., Ltd., 5.6 million yuan, and Xu Yongjun of China Merchants Shekou Co., Ltd., with an annual salary of over 5 million yuan, and only Chen Jinshi. In 2020, when the real estate market is relatively good, there will be 11 directors of A-share listed real estate enterprises with an annual salary of more than 5 million, including 4 directors with an annual salary of more than 10 million yuan.

　　In addition, from the perspective of the whole industry, in 2022, Chen Jinshi, the chairman with the highest annual salary in A-share listed real estate enterprises, ranked 24th in the whole A-share listed companies in terms of salary, and the chairman of real estate enterprises was not seen in the top 20. In 2020, the top 20 companies will be Zhongnan Construction, Vanke, Dima and Rong Sheng Development, and there will be six in 2019. Obviously, with the end of the golden age of the real estate industry and the rise of other emerging industries, the high salary of the real estate chairman is also bleak.

　　Judging from the average salary, the average salary of the top 20 directors with the highest annual salary among A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2022 was 4.1 million yuan, and when the real estate market was good in 2020, the average salary was 6.27 million yuan, compared with the high point in 2020. In 2022, the average salary of the directors of A-share listed real estate enterprises has dropped by more than 30%.

　　Specifically, among the top 20 directors of A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2022, Yu Liang, the chairman of Vanke, had the biggest annual salary drop compared with 2020, with an annual salary of 3.935 million yuan in 2022, a decrease of 8.538 million yuan compared with 12.473 million yuan in 2020, and a salary drop of nearly 70% in two years. Yu Liang’s annual salary dropped sharply in 2021. In the previous 10 years, as the president or chairman of the board of directors of Vanke, a leading real estate enterprise, Yu Liang’s annual salary was mostly higher than 10 million yuan. In 2021, Vanke’s net profit attributable to listed companies decreased by 45.7% year-on-year, the largest decline since its listing. In that year, Yu Liang voluntarily gave up all bonuses, and the annual salary was reduced to 1.547 million yuan. Eight senior executives working in Vanke, including Yu Liang, were reduced by 50%.

　　Chen Jinshi, the chairman of Zhongnan Construction, ranked second in the annual salary reduction in two years, with a decrease of 5.62 million yuan in 2022 compared with 16.5 million yuan in 2020; Followed by Ling Ke, the chairman of gemdale, with an annual salary of 4.81 million yuan in 2022, a decrease of 4.62 million yuan compared with 9.43 million yuan in 2020; Zhang Yuliang, the chairman of Greenland Holdings, earned an annual salary of 4,727,300 yuan in 2022, a decrease of 3,384,400 yuan compared with 2020.

　　It is worth noting that under the background of overall salary reduction, the annual salary of the chairman of real estate enterprises has also increased year by year. In 2022, the annual salary of Li Guangning, the chairman of Huafa Co., Ltd., was 7.21 million yuan, and his annual salary in 2020 and 2021 was 6.093 million yuan and 6.671 million yuan respectively. In the two years when the real estate industry went down, Li Guangning’s annual salary rose steadily, with a salary increase of 1.117 million yuan in two years. This is not unrelated to the operation of Huafa Co., Ltd. in recent years. From 2020 to 2022, the operating income of Huafa Co., Ltd. was 51.01 billion yuan, 51.24 billion yuan and 59.19 billion yuan respectively, and the sales ranking jumped from 34 in 2020 to 18 in 2022.

　　The annual salary of the secretary-general has dropped by more than 20%

　　The secretary of the board of directors (hereinafter referred to as "the secretary of the board") is also a position with higher salary among the executives of listed companies. In the past two years, the salary decline of the secretary of the board of directors has also become a common phenomenon.

　　Wind data shows that in 2022, there are five secretaries of A-share listed real estate enterprises with an annual salary of more than 3 million yuan, namely, Huang Hai of Poly Development, Zhu Xu of Vanke A, Wu Xiaofeng of Rong Sheng Development, Li Yushan of Huaxia Happiness, and Wang Xiaodong of Greenland Holdings. In 2020, there are 9 secretaries of A-share listed real estate enterprises with an annual salary of over 3 million yuan, of which two are over 5 million yuan, namely Zhu Xu of Vanke with 5.76 million yuan and Wang Xiaodong of Greenland Holdings with 5.54 million yuan.

　　From the industry average, the average salary of the top 20 A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2020 was 3.26 million yuan, and it has dropped to 2.5 million yuan in 2022, a decrease of 23.3%. Specifically, compared with 2020, among the top 20 secretaries of A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2022, Wang Xiaodong, whose annual salary dropped the most, earned 3,320,700 yuan in 2022, a decrease of 2,217,600 yuan, or 40.04%, compared with 5,538,300 yuan in 2020, followed by Liang Jie of Zhongnan Construction, with a decrease of 1.89 million yuan; Xu Jiajun, gemdale, decreased by 1.83 million yuan; Zhu Xu of Vanke Group decreased by 1.459 million yuan; Guanshan in OCT A decreased by 1,237,600 yuan. In the past two years, there have been five secretaries whose annual salary has dropped by more than 1 million.

　　Then, in the past two years, has there been an increase in the annual salary of the secretaries of housing enterprises? Aside from the companies that changed their secretaries in the last two years, compared with the top 20 secretaries in A-share listed real estate enterprises in 2020 and 2022, the salaries of Lou Xin of Gorgeous Family, Yan Wenjun of Shirong Zhaoye and Xu Jun of New Huangpu rose by 500,800 yuan, 336,800 yuan and 68,000 yuan respectively, and none of them rose by more than one million yuan.

　　From the perspective of the whole industry, in 2022, there were 14 secretaries of A-share listed companies with an annual salary of over 5 million. As the first secretary of A-share listed real estate enterprises, Huang Hai’s salary ranked 24th among the secretaries of A-share listed companies. Obviously, whether it is the increase or the industry ranking, the "annual salary aura" of the secretary-general of A-share listed real estate enterprises is not as good as before.

　　Take Zhu Xu, who is known as the "golden secretary" in the real estate industry, as an example. Since joining Vanke Group in 2016, Zhu Xu has been serving as the secretary of the board of directors of the company. In his first year in office, Zhu Xu’s annual salary was 7.315 million yuan. In 2017, Zhu Xu became the highest-paid secretary-general of A-share listed companies with an annual salary of 8.125 million yuan, which ushered in the highlight of his career. In the following years, Zhu Xu’s annual salary remained above 5 million yuan. Until 2021, under the background that Vanke’s net profit fell sharply and executives took the initiative to reduce salary, Zhu Xu’s annual salary also fell below 5 million yuan.

　　In fact, the salary reduction is not limited to the executives of real estate enterprises, and the overall salary of the real estate industry has declined. On May 9th, the National Bureau of Statistics released the average wage data of urban employees in 2022. Among 19 industry categories, the average wage of employees in 18 industries increased year-on-year, and only the average wage level of real estate industry decreased.

　　Specifically, among urban non-private units, the average annual salary of employees in the real estate industry is 90,346 yuan, down 0.9% year-on-year. Among urban private units, the average annual salary of employees in the real estate industry was 56,435 yuan, down 3.2% year-on-year.

Teams enter the arena.

The gun pivoted for the score.

Center zone pivot.

Gun pivot competition tool.

Hit the wheel in the wheel area to score.

Win the gun pivot competition.

Hasenqige (third row, third from the left) walked into the campus to promote the gun pivot.　　

[Watching Traditional Skills and Listening to Fusion Stories (50)]

Ewenki grabbed the pivot, which is a folk sports activity created by Ewenki people in their long-term production and life. It is called Chinese football. With the continuous progress of society and the continuous improvement of people’s lives, this traditional national sports activity has become more and more familiar and has become a national intangible skill.

Origin folk has a long history.

Snatching pivot is mainly spread in Inner Mongolia. Pivot, which means pin in Ewenki, refers to the reinforced wooden clamping pin used by nomadic people to prevent the wheels from falling off. Grab the pivot is usually held at festivals such as Nadam, Aobaohui and Sabin Festival, together with wrestling, horse racing and archery.

Grab the pivot is also a sport that integrates entertainment and appreciation, especially suitable for nomadic life in mountainous areas and grasslands. One family or several families gather for entertainment and competition, and the elderly to teenagers can participate in different ways. It is loved by Ewenki, Mongolian, Daur, Oroqen and other ethnic minorities, and it is a national folk sport with a wide popularity.

Hasen Qige, a 75-year-old national intangible heritage inheritor of Ewenki’s pivot grab, said that the pivot grab originated from an ancient folklore: there was an old Ewenki named Zara, and many cars behind his family could not move because the pivot of the leading Lele car fell off during a migration. At this time, it was getting late, and the old man Zara said, "If anyone can find the pivot and repair the car, I will reward him well." So his two sons went to look for it separately. Soon after, Ji Gaha, a child, found the pivot and called out to everyone. After hearing the news, Giahi, the eldest son with infinite strength, fought with his younger brother in order to make a contribution, and finally grabbed the pivot and repaired the first car.

The old man said to his two sons, "Ji Gaha is not as strong as Ji Yaxi, but he is quick-sighted and can find a pivot under the dim starlight in the moonlight." Although Giahi is not as responsive as his younger brother, he has boundless strength and a tenacious sense of struggle, so both of them should be rewarded. " At the same time, the old man taught them, "You each have your own strengths. If you can unite and cooperate and learn from each other’s strengths, you will certainly overcome any difficulties in the future." Zara’s teachings were thought-provoking, and later generations of Ewenki people kept the pivot grabbing activity and became a competitive sport.

Preserve traditional integration and development

Snatching the pivot is both entertaining and combative. At that time, when the level of productivity was low, it embodied a national spirit of striving for progress.

The rules of the pivot grab competition have unique characteristics. Up to now, the competition has been divided into five to seven players from each side. Athletes from both sides relay to complete the pivot-seeking, pivot-passing, pivot-receiving and pivot-hitting in turn with reasonable technical actions and tactical cooperation in five areas, namely, the hidden pivot area, the forward attack area, the center area, the defender area and the wheel area, and complete the competition in five areas as a game, with the winner who scores more points. The method of grabbing the pivot is similar to that of football, but Mongolian wrestling is integrated into the confrontation, and the pivot can only be passed by hand, not thrown or kicked. This sport can exercise athletes’ patience and pivot grabbing skills, thus enhancing their sense of challenge, confrontation and flexible coping ability.

The competition of grabbing pivot can make athletes skillfully master various skills such as mutual utilization, mutual cooperation and mutual perfection, so as to achieve the best effect in actual combat.

The pivot competition is more traditional, with many original elements, and the venue design represents the stars and the moon in the sky; The middle trapezoidal main court represents the site where the pivot was searched and robbed during the original migration, and retains the color of the ancient legend. Competition can hone athletes’ endurance and speed. It is a traditional sport that integrates intelligence, competitiveness and appreciation. It has strong regional characteristics and retains the original state passed down from generation to generation.

Active rescue and continuous inheritance

In 1990s, with the Ewenki people gradually moving to cities and towns, the pivot grabbing movement gradually declined and faded out of the life of Ewenki people, so it is urgent to rescue and protect it. In order to protect and inherit this national traditional sports, the Ewenki Research Association was established in Ewenki Autonomous Banner of Hulunbeier City.

In 1997, 48-year-old Hasen Qiqige began to collect, dig and sort out relevant information about the pivot grabbing movement. In the process of protecting and sorting out the pivot grabbing project, she and her colleagues traveled all over Sumu and Gacha in Ewenki Autonomous Banner, and collected a lot of relevant information about the pivot grabbing project. The folklore of the origin of the pivot grab movement was collected by Hasen Qige.

She and her colleagues have sorted out the origin and rules of the game. On this basis, the local government has also held many training courses on the pivot-grabbing movement to spread the rich cultural connotation of the pivot-grabbing movement and innovate the form and content of the pivot-grabbing movement.

In 2000, grabbing the pivot was listed as a popular sports event in primary and secondary schools by the Education and Science and Technology Bureau of Ewenki Autonomous Banner, and Ewenki Middle School became a training base for grabbing the pivot. Up to now, the flag will hold a pivot-grabbing competition in large-scale activities such as the Sabin Festival and the Ice and Snow Festival held every year.

In 2007, Ewenki was included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list in Inner Mongolia with the promotion of the movement of grabbing pivot. In 2008, the Ewenki Qiangshu declared by Ewenki Autonomous Banner was included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2009, Hasenqige became the representative inheritor of Ewenki, a national intangible cultural heritage.

For thousands of years, Le Le Che has carried Ewenki people, crossing long life scars in the vast grassland with a cool breeze. After a long period of development, it has been endowed with new connotations and has become a national sports with certain ideological, educational, entertaining and ornamental features. In 2023, as a traditional sports event, grabbing the pivot became the event of the 10th traditional minority sports meeting in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Text/Grassland Full Media Zhengbei Net reporter Gao Ruifeng

(Photo by Ao Tielin)

Let the national culture glow with splendor.

　　□ Su Yongsheng

As a traditional sports event of Ewenki nationality, it is loved by the masses because of its strong competitiveness, high interest and wide participation of the masses. It has become an indispensable competition event for traditional festivals and major events of this nationality, and has been selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list, becoming one of the projects of traditional sports meetings of ethnic minorities in the whole region.

The excellent culture of ethnic minorities is a beautiful flower in the colorful garden of Chinese culture; Traditional sports of ethnic minorities are a beautiful scenery in China’s national sports. Inheriting and carrying forward excellent minority culture and traditional minority sports is of great significance for inheriting and carrying forward Chinese excellent traditional culture, enriching the content and form of national traditional sports, enhancing national unity and promoting exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups.

A traditional sports has its historical roots and profound cultural connotations. To protect, inherit and carry forward the traditional sports of ethnic minorities, we should not only protect the sports itself, but also protect the profound culture behind it, tap its internal factors conducive to national unity, and make contributions to building the sense of community of the Chinese nation.

Many people have made painstaking efforts to inherit and carry forward the national culture. In particular, many inheritors of intangible cultural heritage, through their long-term persistence, excavated and sorted out information about cultural heritage, compiled books to protect and inherit cultural heritage, and contributed to the inheritance and promotion of cultural heritage.

At the national and social levels, many excellent traditional cultures have been listed in the intangible cultural heritage protection list by relevant departments. Many traditional sports events of ethnic minorities have been included in the competitions or performances of traditional sports meetings of ethnic minorities at different levels. The colorful traditional sports competitions of ethnic minorities held in various places not only satisfy the appreciation of the people, but also build a good platform and create positive conditions for further research on the excellent traditional culture of ethnic minorities.

Colorful excellent cultures of all ethnic groups bear the good wishes of the people of all ethnic groups and reflect their yearning and pursuit of a better life. It is the responsibility entrusted to us by the times to inherit and carry forward the excellent cultures of all ethnic groups, enhance cultural identity, strengthen cultural self-confidence and build a spiritual home shared by all ethnic groups.

The Chinese nation is a family, working together to build the Chinese dream. Inheriting and carrying forward China’s excellent traditional culture and building a strong cultural country require arduous efforts from all walks of life. Only when all of us, Qi Xin, join hands and work together to protect, inherit and carry forward the great practice of Chinese excellent traditional culture can our cultural garden be more colorful and our national culture more splendid.

You need to know this about skiing.

Everyone has no clear concept of skiing. As a competitive sport, skiing is risky. Skiing requires professional skills, as well as knowledge and the importance of related equipment. Many people misunderstand that skiers’ own contempt for safety is a major cause of accidents.

1. Skiing at intermediate level is an extreme sport.

Snow trails are divided into primary greenway, intermediate blue road, advanced underworld and expert double underworld. According to different slopes, the suitable people are different.

Skiing is also graded, and most people are suitable for primary skiing. In the early stage, coaches are needed to take the introduction. Above intermediate level, it can be regarded as extreme sports.

2. You are falling at a high speed, like a "cannonball"

Many people think that the snow is soft and it doesn’t matter if you fall, but on the snowy road, people who slide at high speed under the acceleration of gravity are tantamount to "huge shells" and are likely to rush out of the snowy road, which is very dangerous.

3. Wear safety equipment.

There have been skiers who died on the spot after falling without wearing a helmet, so safety equipment can help you reduce the chance of injury as much as possible. Especially for beginners, they should use safety equipment: brightly colored ski clothes, ski pole, ski goggles, sports wrist pads, sports knee pads, sports hip pads and ski helmets.

4. Do what you can, and don’t underestimate your own safety.

In order to seek excitement or satisfy vanity, some beginners go skiing on the intermediate snowy road. Please learn to ski in the right steps, know your ability correctly, and don’t try too hard easily.

Beginners often sit in the middle of the snow trail and chat during breaks. It is very dangerous to stay in the middle of the snow trail. If you want to rest, you should stay on both sides of the snow trail and observe the route and speed of the skiers above.

5. Abide by the international snowy road principle.

Skiers should follow the international principle of snow trail, that is, the "traffic rules", slide on the snow trail as far away from other skiers as possible, keep a relative distance, and leave an adjustment distance for themselves and others.

You should pay attention to these when taking children skiing.

Skiing not only exercises children’s physical fitness, but also feels the charm of nature. At the same time, it can also enhance the feelings between parents and children. It is really a good thing to win at one stroke. However, it is dangerous to take children skiing. How to prevent the danger? Please pay attention to these things when taking children skiing:

1, the age should be up to standard

When parents take their children skiing, the first thing to consider is the age of the children. The children are over 5 years old, and they are in good health and not sick when skiing, so that the children can have a full understanding of skiing. Only when these conditions are met can we take our children skiing.

2. Choose a ski resort suitable for traveling with children.

When you take a child skiing for the first time, you must choose a suitable ski resort. Ski resorts with children’s skiing events and children’s activity areas are definitely the first choice. These children’s projects and activity areas can not only ensure the safety of children, but also make them enjoy themselves.

3. Armed to the teeth

Choose suitable equipment for children, colorful ski clothes, waterproof gloves, and wear special helmets, wrist pads and knee pads for skiing.

Helmet, for safety, helmet is a must!

In snow goggles, even on cloudy days, the reflection of sunlight in the snow is stronger than we thought. Snow goggles is not only resistant to strong sunlight, but also can protect against wind and snow. Snow goggles is essential to protect children’s eyes.

4. Exercise properly

In sports, we should pay attention to what we can do and do it according to the children’s situation. You can take your child for a walk in the snow first to adapt to the environment. Don’t choose a site with too big a slope.

5, accompanied by parents

Don’t let children ski alone, especially in the mountains. Let the children slide on the obvious and spacious snowy road, pay attention to other skiers and don’t let the children leave your sight.

6. Slow down and make everything controllable.

Please slow down all the steps, from choosing ski equipment to going skiing in the ski resort and taking children skiing, so as to make everything controllable for safety.

7. Bring an extra helper

In the process of skiing, it is always inevitable that there will be falls, poor care or unexpected situations. If you can, take one more family member or friend to travel, so as not to be in a hurry.

8. Please grasp the time.

Skiing will consume a lot of physical strength. Children go skiing mainly to feel happy, play some snow games, relax, and also relieve tension and pay attention to grasping the time.

Skiing is an interesting and dangerous sport, and safety comes first. Be sure to do what you can, learn the necessary safety knowledge, and choose the corresponding level of ski trails according to your own technical level. Beginners must ski under the escort of regular coaches, and skilled skiers should also pay attention to relevant safety protection. In the event of accidental injury during skiing, you must call the rescue number of the ski resort in time to seek medical assistance.

Original title: "About skiing, these reminders must be seen"

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　　Scenery of Xi ‘er River in Ninger Hani and Yi Autonomous County, Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province. Photo by Chen Fakun (People’s Vision)

　　Core reading

　　Climate resources refer to natural substances and energy such as sunlight, heat, cloud water, wind and atmospheric components that can be used by human production and life. Accurate record and analysis of climate resources is helpful to the development of characteristic agriculture, leisure tourism and other industries. For example, through analysis, the meteorological department determined that Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province is suitable for growing small coffee; However, weather modification operations can reduce the losses caused by hail disasters.

　　Pu ‘er City, Yunnan, which is famous for its Pu ‘er tea, now has a new business card: among the eight counties (districts) in Yunnan that have been awarded the title of "China Natural Oxygen Bar", Pu ‘er City accounts for four. This title benefits from the local increasing attention to climate resources and careful statistics.

　　On January 1 this year, the Regulations on the Protection, Development and Utilization of Climate Resources in Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) was formally implemented. According to the Regulations, climate resources refer to "natural substances and energy such as sunlight, heat, cloud water, wind and atmospheric components that can be used by human production and life". Luo Yuqing, deputy director of the Policy and Regulation Department of Yunnan Meteorological Bureau, said that Yunnan has complex topography, diverse climate types and extremely rich climate resources. The promulgation of the Regulations marks that the protection and utilization of climate resources in Yunnan has entered a standardized and legal track.

　　"pleasant climate", with quantitative standards.

　　Climate resources are a bit abstruse at first glance, but they are actually very specific. "How many days of rain and snow and how many degrees Celsius the temperature is in a year are all climate resource data. The future development of industries such as summer vacation, cold protection and health care cannot be separated from these data." Su Xiaoli, deputy director of Pu ‘er Meteorological Bureau, said.

　　"Said before ‘ The climate is pleasant ’ It is expected to be further quantified. " Su Xiaoli introduced that as early as 2016, Pu ‘er City took the urban heat island intensity variable as one of the evaluation indicators of Pu ‘er’s green economy, and all districts and counties in Pu ‘er City included the protection, development and utilization of climate resources in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" of cities, counties (districts).

　　By making full use of the climate characteristics of no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer, Pu ‘er organized the governments of counties (districts) to declare the creation of "China Natural Oxygen Bar", and four counties (districts) of Simao, Jingdong, Ninger and Zhenyuan were awarded the title of "China Natural Oxygen Bar". Meteorological data such as local average temperature, air humidity, air negative oxygen ion content, air quality, etc. collected by Yunnan Meteorological Bureau at several stations in Pu ‘er have become an important basis for Pu ‘er to develop tourism, recreation and holiday planning.

　　The "Regulations" clearly regards "protection priority" as an important principle for the protection, development and utilization of climate resources in Yunnan Province, and clarifies the connection between climate resources protection and utilization planning, land space planning and ecological environment protection planning. The "Regulations" propose that local governments should adopt supporting policies and measures according to the characteristics of local climate resources, encourage and guide relevant market players to rationally develop and utilize rain and snow landscapes, cloud landscapes, phenological landscapes, summer vacation, cold protection, health care and other climate resources, and develop tourism, vacation, health care and other industries.

　　At the same time, in view of the problems of destroying climate resources in many places, the Regulations clearly stipulate that new construction, renovation and expansion of buildings (structures) should take protective measures to prevent or mitigate the damage to the climate and environment, and avoid or mitigate the heat island effect, wind damage, lightning disaster, light pollution and gas pollution. "Urban planning and construction should make rational use of the meteorological conditions for the diffusion of air pollutants according to the results of climate feasibility demonstration, scientifically set up and adjust ventilation corridors, and avoid and reduce the detention of air pollutants." Luo Yuqing said.

　　Luo Yuqing introduced that the meteorological department of Yunnan Province will start the work of compiling the catalogue of planning and construction projects that need climate feasibility demonstration as soon as possible, and improve the supporting system of the Regulations.

　　What to plant and how to plant it, and plan it more carefully.

　　Rational utilization and development of climate resources is of great help to the development of characteristic agriculture.

　　It is understood that at present, the utilization rate of sunlight and land resources by planting in many places in Yunnan is still relatively low, and the regional characteristics are not obvious. The "Regulations" clearly require that the competent meteorological departments at or above the county level should organize agricultural and rural departments to do a good job in fine agro-climatic zoning and agro-meteorological disaster prevention.

　　Zhang Puli, a staff member of the Meteorological Bureau of Zhanyi District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, said that after the promulgation of the Regulations, the layout of the plateau characteristic planting industry can be rationally planned by evaluating the climate carrying capacity of the administrative region and its key areas and the potential for the development and utilization of climate resources, forming a planting industry gathering area. "Which area is most suitable for planting which crops will be supported by more specific climate data in the future."

　　"Pu ‘er City has strengthened the investigation and application of climate resources, and has compiled 17 refined agricultural climate divisions such as rubber, coffee, ecological tea, ancient tree tea and avocado." Su Xiaoli said.

　　Taking coffee as an example, the meteorological department collected data such as temperature, precipitation, altitude, humidity, etc. After analysis, it was determined that Pu ‘er City was very suitable for planting small-sized coffee. Southern Yunnan Coffee Meteorological Service Platform, Southern Yunnan Coffee Meteorological Service Website and Coffee Meteorological Service Mobile APP also provide better services for coffee growers.

　　"We will issue a special report on coffee meteorological service once a week, and issue disaster forecast and early warning push to remind farmers to take precautions in advance according to the attention factors of coffee in different growth periods and important weather processes." Su Xiaoli said that in addition to the conventional detection stations, Pu ‘er has built 285 rainfall monitoring points in the city, and established special agro-meteorological observation stations for coffee planting to obtain relevant meteorological elements, conduct timely analysis and improve the utilization capacity of climate resources.

　　In the first ten days of December, 2019, Pu ‘er experienced a frosty weather process due to the influence of cold air. At that time, it was the coffee fruit season, and the meteorological department made a special forecast service in advance to remind farmers to defend in advance. Many farmers built protective nets and other equipment in time, and used straw to smoke to increase the temperature, which effectively reduced the impact of freezing injury. Su Xiaoli said that this model is well received by farmers.

　　Weather modification, seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages.

　　For the utilization of climate resources, it is also reflected in the pursuit of advantages and avoidance of disadvantages. A prominent performance is the weather modification operation.

　　In recent years, weather modification has played an increasingly important role in preventing and mitigating meteorological disasters. The "Regulations" clearly require strengthening the construction of facilities and equipment for weather modification operation units and operation sites, and rationally utilizing cloud and water resources in the air.

　　In Yunnan, the hail disaster will bring a lot of losses to plateau characteristic agriculture every year. Weather modification can not only reduce disasters, but also increase rainfall in dry fields. Li Hongmei, a staff member of Yunnan Weather Modification Center, said that in 2018, Yunnan Meteorological Bureau carried out 46 aircraft precipitation enhancement operations and 150 ground precipitation enhancement operations around Erhai Lake in Dali, Cangshan Mountain and Yulong Snow Mountain in Lijiang, which effectively protected the ecological environment of Cangshan Mountain, improved the water quality of Erhai Lake, and increased the snow cover of Yulong Snow Mountain and water storage in the reservoir.

　　In May 2019, a staged drought occurred in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, and severe convective weather occurred frequently in late May, which seriously affected the production of local flue-cured tobacco and some Da Chun crops. In order to alleviate the drought and avoid the hail hazard, Guangnan Meteorological Bureau seized the favorable weather, carried out hail suppression operations and increased artificial rainfall, which not only effectively alleviated the drought in the surrounding areas, reduced the meteorological grade of forest fire danger, but also avoided the occurrence of hail disasters.

　　The meteorological department’s analysis and utilization of climate resources also plays a great role in fire fighting. One of the effective ways to stop the fire is to strike a fire in the fire and excavate the isolation belt. How to dig the isolation belt is very particular. If it is too close to the fire, the isolation belt will come before the fire is dug. At this time, the monitoring of the meteorological department came in handy.

　　In May 2019, a forest fire broke out in Xiaowuyue Village, Bajie Street, Anning City, Yunnan Province. The Anning Meteorological Bureau launched an emergency plan and sent a team to the fire with meteorological monitoring equipment. "Through the analysis of information such as wind power, wind direction and fire head propulsion, combined with topography and forest vegetation, the excavation position is determined to provide decision-making basis for the fire prevention headquarters." Jinlong, deputy director of Anning Meteorological Bureau, said.

　　Shanghai’s ranking in the global financial center is 2 places higher than the previous period, ranking fourth, and its comprehensive competitiveness score is also increased by 1 point.

　　On March 24th, the 31st Global Financial Center Index Report (GFCI 31) jointly compiled by China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, a national high-end think tank, and Z/Yen Group, a British think tank, was released simultaneously in Shenzhen, China and London, England.

　　The index evaluates and ranks the world’s major financial centers in terms of business environment, human capital, infrastructure, financial development level and reputation. A total of 119 financial centers entered the list in the 31st GFCI, and the top ten financial centers in the world were ranked as follows: new york, London, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Los Angeles, Singapore, San Francisco, Beijing, Tokyo and Shenzhen.

　　The index of global financial centers is updated in March and September each year, which has attracted wide attention from the global financial community. In March 2007, Z/Yen Group in London, UK released the first Global Financial Center Index (GFCI 1). In July, 2016, China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute (CDI) and London Z/Yen Group established a strategic partnership, jointly conducted research on financial centers, and continued to cooperate in compiling the global financial center index.

　　Shanghai, North China and Shenzhen rank among the top ten global finance.

　　In this issue, there are 12 financial center cities in GFCI China Mainland, among which Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen have all entered the top ten financial centers in the world, 7 financial center cities have improved their rankings, and 3 financial center cities have remained stable.

　　Among the mainland financial center cities, Shanghai continues to maintain its leading position, ranking two places again, becoming the fourth largest financial center in the world after Hong Kong, and ranking second in financial technology in the world.

　　Beijing’s score dropped by 1 point, but the global ranking remained eighth, and the ranking of financial technology rose by 2 places, replacing London as the third in the world; Shenzhen is the city with the largest increase in ranking and score of the top ten financial centers, with a gap of only 1 point compared with Tokyo, and its ranking in business environment, human capital, infrastructure, financial industry development level, city reputation and five areas has all increased.

　　The ranking of Guangzhou financial center has risen by 8 places, and it is currently ranked 24th in the world, and it is advancing towards the top 20 financial centers in the world, and its position as an international financial center is further stabilized. The rankings of Chengdu and Qingdao in GFCI remain unchanged, among which the ranking of financial technology in Chengdu has greatly increased by 16 places, ranking 44th in the world; Hangzhou, Dalian, Tianjin, Nanjing and other financial center cities that entered GFCI later are gradually becoming familiar to global financial practitioners, and their scores are rising rapidly. Among them, Dalian’s score is increased by 82 points, ranking 19 places, and Nanjing’s score is increased by 71 points, ranking 7 places.

　　Yu Lingqu, deputy director of the Institute of Finance and Modern Industry of China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, said that the ranking of financial centers in Greater China has risen overall, and Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen have all entered the top ten. From a global perspective, it presents a pattern of "rising east and descending west". The strength of Hongkong and Shanghai is getting closer and closer to that of new york and London, and the ranking of Shenzhen and Guangzhou is rising rapidly.

　　Competition among top financial centers is becoming increasingly fierce.

　　It can also be seen from the ranking of the global financial center index in this issue that the overall score of financial centers has slowed down and the world has accelerated its recovery from the new crown epidemic.

　　Since the global spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, the overall average score of GFCI has dropped for more than three consecutive periods, of which the 28th period has dropped by more than 40 points, and the scores of more than 80 financial centers around the world have dropped, and then the decline rate has slowed down. The overall average score of this period has dropped by less than 1 point compared with the previous period, and the rankings of financial centers are relatively stable. Among the top 40 financial centers, no financial center has dropped by more than 10 places.

　　In this ranking, new york, London and Hong Kong once again rank among the top three global financial centers, but their overall scores have declined compared with the previous period, with London having the largest decline, reaching 14 points, while Hong Kong and new york only dropped by 1 point and 3 points respectively, which further widened the gap between London and new york.

　　At the same time, Shanghai and Los Angeles replaced Singapore and San Francisco respectively, ranking fourth and fifth in the world. After the ranking of Shenzhen dropped to 16th place in the previous period, the score of this period increased by 8 points, and the ranking also increased by 6 places, ranking among the top ten global financial centers again.

　　Yu Lingqu said that from a global perspective, the pattern of the top financial centers has been very fixed, and the ranking often rises and falls by one or two, but from this period, Shenzhen and Guangzhou have risen by six and eight respectively, which is also very large from a global perspective.

　　Although the pattern of the world’s top ten financial centers has been basically stable, the rating gap of each financial center is between 1 and 2 from Hong Kong ranked third to Shenzhen ranked tenth. Even a small change in rating can cause huge fluctuations in ranking, and the competition among top financial centers has become increasingly fierce.